Onderzoek

Er is veel internationaal onderzoek gedaan naar de effectiviteit van hypnose voor bevallen. Alle onderzoeksresultaten zijn gepubliceerd in het Engels. Wij hebben er een aantal op een rijtje gezet op deze pagina. BRON 1: Website:  http://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/handle/2440/23183 Antenatal self-hypnosis for labour and childbirth: A pilot study  Journal article Author: Cyna, Allan Michael,  Andrew, Marion I., McAuliffe, G. L. Het gebruik van hypnose resulteert in minder ruggenprikken en minder opwekkingen BRON 2:  http://www.childbirthjoy.com/hypnosis_research.html Harmon, T.M., Hynan, M., & Tyre, T.E., University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Improved obstetric outcomes using hypnotic analgesia and skill mastery combined with childbirth education. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58, 525, 530, 1990. Hypnose voor bevallen kan tot minder pijn, kortere 1e fase van de bevalling, minder pijnmedicate en hogere Apgar scores leiden. BRON 3:  http://www.childbirthjoy.com/hypnosis_research.html Alice A. Martin, PhD; Paul G. Schauble, PhD; Surekha H. Rai, PhD; and R. Whit Curry, Jr, MD The Effects of Hypnosis on the Labor Processes and Birth Outcomes of Pregnant Adolescents. The Journal of Family Practice, MAY 2001, 50(5): 441-443. Voorbereiding met hypnose resulteert in een vermindering van complicaties, operaties en duur van ziekenhuisverblijf bij het bevallen. BRON 4:  http://ukhypnosis.com/2010/06/06/painless-childbirth-with- hypnosis-in-the-soviet-union/ Author: Robert Robertson  Zdravomyslov, V.I.   (1956).  'The Significance of Psychotherapy in Obstetrics and Gynecology' in Psychotherapy in the Soviet Union, Ralph B. Winn (ed.).  Grove Press: New York. Minder pijnbeleving tijdens de bevalling met gebruik van hypnose. BRON 5:  http://ukhypnosis.com/2010/08/14/soviet-rational-psychotherapy- for-painless-childbirth/ Author: Robert Robertson  Zdravomyslov, V.I.   (1956).  'The Significance of Psychotherapy in Obstetrics and Gynecology' in Psychotherapy in the Soviet Union, Ralph B. Winn (ed.).  Grove Press: New York. Het gebruik van hypnose verhoogt de kans op minder pijn tijdens het bevallen en eventueel ook een pijnloze bevalling. BRON 6: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8476826 Author: Jenkins & Pritchard, 1993 March British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 100(3), 221-226, 1993. Hypnosis: Practical applications and theoretical considerations in normal labour. Hypnose kan tot vermindering in de duur van de bevalling en minder gebruik van pijnstillende middelen leiden. BRON 7: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9495995 Author: Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi. 1997 Oct;32(10):568-70. Hao TY, Li YH, Yao SF. Name: Clinical study on shortening the birth process using psychological suggestion therapy. [Article in Chinese] General Military Hospital of Jinan, P. R. China. Het gebruik van therapeutische suggesties kan in kortere duur van bevallingen resulteren. BRON 8: http://www2.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab003521.html Smith CA, Collins CT, Cyna AM, Crowther CA. Complementary and alternative therapies for pain management in labour. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD003521. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003521.pub2 Het gebruik van hypnose kan pijn gedurende bevalling verlichten. BRON 9:  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1711054/pdf/jroyalcgprac0003 4-0006.pdf Brann LR, Guzvica SA. Comparison of hypnosis with conventional relaxation for antenatal and intrapartum use: A feasibility study in general practice. J R Coll Gen Pract 1987; 37:437-440. Zwangerschapshypnose is nog effectiever dan de klassieke zwangerschapsontspanningsoefeningen. Onderzoek Hypnobirthing ofwel Hypnose voor Bevallen programmas deze onderstaande onderzoeksresultaten zijn het eigendom van de desbetreffende organisatie, wij vermelden de resultaten van deze onderzoeken om aan te duiden hoe effectief hypnose voor bevallen is Onderzoek 1: childbirthjoy Onderzoek 2: natal hypnotherapy Onderzoek 3: hypnobirthing mongan method Onderzoek 1 - http://www.childbirthjoy.com/hypnosis_research.html Shawn Gallagher, BA, CH - Midwifery Consulting Services Hypnosis for Childbirth: A retrospective survey of birth outcome using prenatal self-hypnosis, 2001 Research on Hypnosis for Childbirth Preparation ________________________________________ Retrospective Survey Hypnosis for Childbirth: A retrospective survey of birth outcome using prenatal self-hypnosis 2001 Shawn Gallagher, BA, CH Objective: To assess the effects of prenatal hypnotherapy classes on the length of labour, use of pain medication, intervention rates, maternal pain perception and maternal satisfaction. Design: Retrospective survey completed by the woman and her partner. Subjects: Self-referred clients, nulliparous (first baby) and low risk. Setting: Toronto, Canada Intervention: Three sessions of 2.5 to 3 hours in length in a group setting in mid-pregnancy, plus one session of 2.5 hours in length in late pregnancy. The sessions were provided by a Certified Hypnotherapist. The woman's partner was trained to provide additional hypnosis support during the birth as needed (the hypnotherapist did not attend the births). Outcome Measures: Anesthetic and analgesic requirements, duration of the early, active and second stages, planned place of birth and actual place of birth, interventions required, pain scale of 0-10 as reported by the mother post-delivery, breastfeeding rates and reported maternal satisfaction. Results Participants: 45 nulliparous women Control group: none Planned home birth: 16 Actual home birth: 15 (a - see below) Primary care midwife: 29 Primary care physician:16 Averages of Length of early labour: 10.7 hours (range: 45 min to 3 days) Length of active labour: 4.5 hours (range: 54 min to 14 hours) Length of pushing: 1.2 hours (range: 15 min to 4.5 hrs) Newborn weight: 7.68 lbs (range: 5 lbs 6 oz to 10 lbs) Maternal pain perception: "6" on a self-scoring scale of 0-10 Pain medication rate Epidural 18%, n=8 (b - see below) Nitrous oxide 3%, m=1 Narcotics 4.4%, n=2 Interventions o Caesarian 6.5%, n=3 (c - see below) o Forceps 9.7%, n=3 (d - see below) o Vacuum 3%, n=1 o Pitocin augmentation 4.4%, n=2 o Pitocin/gel induction 18%, n=8 (e = see below) The total number of participants who received an interventionwas 8 for a rate of 18%. (Some women received more than one intervention.) Breastfeeding without formula supplementation: 93%, n=42 Length of labour The average length of active labour for nulliparous women is 12 hours. Participants in the Hypnosis for Childbirth series averaged 4.5 hours of active labour. The average length of pushing for nulliparous women is about 2 hours. Participants in the Hypnosis for Childbirth series averaged just over 1 hour. Hypnosis is associated with faster births (statistically significant) throughout the research for both the first and second stages of labour. Medication rates The epidural rate in Toronto and Mississauga ranges from 40 to 95% for nulliparous women. This survey notes an 18% epidural rate for Hypnosis for Childbirth participants (11% for caesarians and forceps, 7% for maternal request). This survey's reduction in medication use is supported by statistically significant reductions in other research for women using hypnosis preparation for birth. Caesarian rates The caesarian section rate in Toronto ranges from 20 to 25%, depending on the institutional setting. This survey notes a caesarian section rate of 6.7% for Hypnosis for Childbirth participants. Other research also notes the reduction of birth interventions with the prenatal use of hypnosis. Notes a. The one planned homebirth delivered in the hospital was a change of plans in late pregnancy based on a poor biophysical profile (94% successful homebirth rate). Of the 15 planned homebirths at the onset of labour, 100% delivered at home. All planned hospital births delivered in the hospital. b. The three maternal requests for epidurals were highly correlated to unfavourable fetal positioning (ie. posterior presentation). The other five epidurals were for caesarians (3) and forceps (2). c. Breech presentation (n=1) at term; fetal distress/prolonged labour/posterior (n=1); fetal distress and poor descent in second stage (n=1). d. Fetal distress (n=2); poor descent (n=1). e. Three of the eight had no additional interventions; five of the eight had epidurals (3), forceps (2) and nubaine (1). An additional four were midwifery clients who induced at home using either homeopathy or castor oil (9%). No additional interventions were noted with this group. As a result of the Hypnosis for Childbirth series a very high percentage of women reported an increased sense of self-confidence prior to the onset of labour. In addition, 96% were pleased at the use of hypnosis, would use hypnosis in a subsequent birth and recommend its use to other women planning natural childbirth Women who would use this method again: 96%, n=43 This research is the property of Midwifery Consulting Services. Onderzoek 2 - Hypnose voor bevallen programma Natal Hypnotherapy http://www.natalhypnotherapy.co.uk/70.html Maggie Howell - Natal Hypnotherapy CD research To understand how effective the Natal Hyponotherapy CDs have been for mothers, every mother automatically receives a detailed post natal questionnaire 4 weeks after their baby is due. The following statistics are based on feedback from 769 mothers. So far 97% of mothers would recommend the CD to others 90% said they had benefitted from using the CDs The caesarean rate is 15% compared to the UK national rate of 24% 83.6% felt they were very or extremely relaxed going into the birth 77.4% felt they were relaxed or very relaxed during the birth 80% felt they overcame fear and anxiety leading up to the birth 80% felt able to manage or deal with the level of pain during birth 88% went into the birth with a strong belief in their bodies ability to give birth Onderzoek 3 - Hypnose voor bevallen programma hypnobirthing http://www.hypnobirthing.com